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Why graded beef is good for producers and consumers

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Canadian beef is known across the world for its consistently high quality. Here in Alberta, the factors that contribute to great beef production include not only our high standards of animal care, but also our unique weather and farming conditions.

Thanks to a stringent grading system, it’s not only possible to rely on the quality of Canadian beef, but it’s also possible to quantify it.

The Canadian Beef Grading Agency, (CBGA), assesses and grades beef at federally inspected packing plants, based on standards set by the federal government. The five grading criteria are:

  • Maturity (age), as this affects the tenderness of the meat
  • Gender, as the hormone levels in some bulls affects meat colour and tenderness
  • Muscling
  • Fat, including the amount of fat and colour
  • Meat colour, texture and marbling

A top grade will only be assigned if the carcass meets all five quality attributes. The amount of visible marbling will determine the segmentation within Canada’s top grades – Canada Prime, AAA, AA or A. The CBGA also assesses meat yield using a specialized grading ruler and assigns a yield grade. Canada currently has 3 yield grade classes Canada 1, 2 or 3.

Why grading matters to beef producers

Cindy Delaloye, general manager at CBGA, says more than 99 per cent of the meat coming from federally inspected processing plants is graded, even though grading is voluntary.

“The livestock industry sees the value in having their beef graded because it provides a guarantee to their customers that the product in the box is what it says it is,” she said. “In Canada, we’re barbecue demons, so it’s important for us to have the quality and consistency to know that we’re going to have a good eating experience.”

Feedlot operators pay a portion of the grading fee in conjunction with the processor, and grading provides them with an opportunity to command a premium price for a premium product.

What Canadian beef grading means to consumers

Marty Carpenter, CBGA’s board chair, said consumers have learned to trust the grade because the beef they purchase consistently meets expectations.

“We have an exacting grading standard in Canada, whereby if the product doesn’t reach a particular standard in all criteria it doesn’t make the grade,” he said.

Restaurateurs – and retailers particularly – are buying based on quality and want to have confidence that whenever they buy Canadian beef it will have the attributes they expect.

Marty also explained that different cultures value different aspects of the product. “Hispanic buyers in the U.S., for instance, value the fact that Canadian beef is graded on colour as that is an important indicator of freshness to them. Canadians like red meat and white fat. People buy with their eyes,” he said.

Beef grading and exports

Grading is one more way of helping Canadian beef stand out in the global marketplace , helping cement Canada’s reputation as a producer of world-class beef.

How respect for the animals that feed us aligns with beef cattle production

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Last week on this blog, we learned about the food safety innovations at Harmony Beef’s new processing plant. This week we’re exploring the new standards of animal care being practised at the plant.

We visited the plant and spoke with Harmony’s director of marketing, Cam Daniels to learn more. “One of the most important things in our business – and this came right from the owners – is that we must respect the animals that feed us,” said Cam. “They are treated with respect and dignity for the entire time they are with us.”

Warm dry barns keep the animals relaxed and calm

The high standards of animal care at Harmony Beef start with a covered, temperature controlled barn. Some of the barn’s features include:

    • A water vapour management system that keeps the barn comfortably dry at all times, and helps eliminate odours
    • Heated, slip-resistant floors that are well-drained so they remain dry and clean
    • Access to clean, fresh drinking water at all times, in every pen

“Animals that come in together are always kept together, to minimize the stress of new surroundings”, said Cam. “And we don’t keep any animals overnight – we only take in as many as we can process that day. It’s all part of keeping them as relaxed and calm as possible while they’re here.”

How a cow’s natural movement helps minimize stress

At Harmony Beef, the corral that brings the animals up to the harvest box follows a serpentine shape. “It’s influenced by the work of Dr Temple Grandin,” said Cam. “Cattle naturally tend to walk in an ’s’ and by allowing them to follow a natural pattern, it helps keep them moving, while also keeping them calm.

As the cattle move along the corral, they are gently nudged with paddles, rather than electric prods. A doorway allows only one animal at a time into the harvest box, ensuring the other animals stay relaxed until the end.

Better animal care leads to higher quality

Aside from the fact that treating animals well is the right thing to do, there is also a very practical reason why animal welfare matters. Glycogen in the muscles of relaxed animals is converted into lactic acid, which is necessary to produce tasty, tender meat. Stress causes the glycogen to be depleted, and the meat tends to be darker, dryer and less tender. So meat from a relaxed, calm animal is of a higher quality.

Check out last week’s post to find out how Harmony Beef is setting new standards in food safety. And stay tuned for an upcoming post in which we will learn about the lengths to which they have gone to minimize their impact on the environment.